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1.
J. vasc. bras ; 23: e20230135, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534794

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair can lead to sexual dysfunction (SD) in men. Objectives To determine the prevalence of SD following open AAA repair, explore whether surgical techniques for aortic reconstruction can have a differential impact on the occurrence of SD, and summarize current knowledge in this field. Methods Retrospective review of 100 patients submitted to open AAA repair between 1995 and 2010 in a quaternary center. Sexual dysfunction was assessed according to questions from the modified International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), considering the condition before surgical repair and 3 months after surgery. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Student's t test were used for statistical analyses. Results 100 patients were included (mean age = 66.4 years old). Normal sexual activity, no sexual activity, erectile dysfunction, and retrograde ejaculation with preserved erectile function were found in 36%, 21%, 18%, and 24% of patients, respectively. The group of patients with no sexual activity was older (mean age = 72.3 years old vs 64.5 years old, p < 0.001). Erectile dysfunction prevalence was higher in patients submitted to an aorto-bifemoral bypass (p = 0.032). Retrograde ejaculation was more frequent in patients submitted to an aorto-aortic bypass (p = 0.007). Conclusions Sexual function is a frequent condition intimately associated with the aortic reconstruction technique. The literature review found contradictory results regarding whether the endovascular approach is protective compared with open repair, but clearly demonstrated the importance of techniques targeting preservation of the internal iliac artery and the superior hypogastric plexus.


Resumo Contexto A correção aberta de aneurisma da aorta abdominal (AAA) pode causar disfunção sexual (DS) em homens. Objetivos Determinar a prevalência de DS após correção aberta de AAA, determinar se a técnica de reconstrução aórtica pode estar correlacionada com o surgimento de DS e resumir os achados mais relevantes da literatura relacionados a esse tema. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo de todos os pacientes submetidos a correção aberta de AAA entre 1995 e 2010 num centro quaternário. A DS foi avaliada por meio de questões baseadas no escore International Index of Erection Function no pré-operatório e 3 meses após a cirurgia. A análise estatística foi realizada com os testes do qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher e t de Student. Resultados Cem pacientes foram incluídos (idade média = 66.4 anos). Atividade sexual normal, atividade sexual ausente, disfunção erétil (DE) e ejaculação retrógrada (ER) com função erétil preservada foram observadas em 36%, 21%, 18% e 24% dos pacientes, respectivamente. O grupo de pacientes com atividade sexual ausente foi significativamente mais velho (idade média = 72.3 anos vs. 64.5 anos, p < 0.001). A DE foi mais prevalente em pacientes submetidos a enxerto aorto-bifemoral (p = 0.032), enquanto a ER foi mais prevalente em pacientes submetidos a enxerto aorto-aórtico (p = 0.007). Conclusões A DS é uma condição frequente e intimamente associada à reconstrução aórtica empregada. A literatura apresenta resultados contraditórios sobre qual correção de AAA (aberta ou endovascular) resulta em mais DS, mas demonstra a importância de técnicas com preservação das artérias hipogástricas e do plexo hipogástrico superior.

2.
J. vasc. bras ; 23: e20230148, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534795

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) is a debilitating disease with a heavy burden on quality of life. Stenting of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is the first option for treatment, but there is a lack of consensus defining precise indications for open revascularization (OR). Objectives To describe a series of 4 patients with CMI treated with OR and to present an algorithm for the management of this condition. Methods Three patients presented with typical intestinal angina and weight loss. One patient was subjected to prophylactic revascularization during open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Surgical techniques included: 1) Bypass from the infrarenal aorta to the SMA; 2) Bypass from an aorto-bifemoral polyester graft to the SMA; 3) Bypass from the right iliac artery to the SMA; 4) Bypass from the right graft limb of an aorto-biiliac polyester graft to the median colic artery at Riolan's arcade. PTFE was used in all surgeries. All grafts were placed in a retrograde configuration, tunneled under the left renal vein, making a smooth C-loop. A treatment algorithm was constructed based on the institution's experience and a review of recent literature. Results All patients demonstrated resolution of symptoms and recovery of body weight. All grafts are patent after mean follow-up of two years. Conclusions Open revascularization using the C-loop configuration is a valuable technique for CMI and may be considered in selected cases. The algorithm constructed may help decision planning in other quaternary centers.


Resumo Contexto A isquemia mesentérica crônica (IMC) é uma doença debilitante, com grave impacto na qualidade de vida. A literatura recomenda a angioplastia com stent da artéria mesentérica superior (AMS) como primeira opção de tratamento, mas há falta de consenso que defina indicações precisas para a revascularização aberta. Objetivos Descrever uma série de quatro pacientes com IMC, tratados com revascularização aberta, e apresentar um algoritmo para o manejo dessa condição. Métodos Três pacientes apresentaram angina intestinal típica e perda ponderal. Uma paciente foi submetida a reparo aberto de aneurisma da aorta abdominal e apresentava obstrução da AMS, que foi revascularizada profilaticamente. As técnicas cirúrgicas incluíram: 1) enxerto entre a aorta infrarrenal e a AMS; 2) enxerto entre o dácron utilizado em um enxerto aortobifemoral e a AMS; 3) enxerto entre a artéria ilíaca comum direita e a AMS; e 4) enxerto entre o ramo direito do dácron utilizado em um enxerto aorto-biilíaco e a artéria cólica média (ao nível da arcada de Riolan). Todos os enxertos foram feitos utilizando politetrafluoretileno em uma configuração retrógrada, tunelizados abaixo da veia renal esquerda, fazendo uma alça em C. Resultados Todos os pacientes demonstraram resolução dos sintomas e ganho ponderal. Todos os enxertos se mantiveram pérvios durante um seguimento médio de 2 anos. Conclusões A revascularização aberta para IMC utilizando-se a alça em C é uma técnica valiosa e pode ser considerada em pacientes selecionados. O algoritmo proposto pode auxiliar na decisão terapêutica em centros quaternários.

3.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 21: eAO0307, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520843

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the radiological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesions that achieved a complete response following drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) preceding liver transplantation. Methods This single-center case-control study enrolled patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent neoadjuvant DEB-TACE therapy, were followed up with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography, and were successively evaluated according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. The HCCs were divided into two groups based on their diameter (Group A: ≤3cm; Group B: 3cm). Viability was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method according to tumor size categories. The relationship between tumor variables was analyzed using bivariate Cox regression. Results Three-hundred and twenty-eight patients with 667 hepatocellular carcinomas who underwent their first DEB-TACE session were enrolled. A total of 105 hepatocellular carcinomas in 59 patients exhibited complete response after the initial DEB-TACE session and were divided into Group A (92 HCCs) and Group B (13 HCCs). The diameter in Group A decreased significantly compared to the pre-procedure size until the second assessment (p<0.001), with no subsequent reduction in diameter, despite maintaining a complete response. In Group B, the reduction in diameter remained significant compared with the initial value until the sixth imaging evaluation (p=0.014). The average reduction was 45.1% for Group B and a maximum of 14.9% in Group A. Conclusion HCCs >3cm exhibited a greater reduction in size and a longer time to recurrence. HCCs ≤3cm had a shorter relapse time. The recurrence rates were similar. These findings may aid in planning for liver transplantation.

4.
J. vasc. bras ; 22: e20230018, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521171

ABSTRACT

Abstract A 100-year-old male patient was admitted with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm due to type IA endoleak. Given the proximity of the ruptured site to the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and renal arteries, a ChEVAR was indicated. Catheterization of the target visceral vessels was a challenging procedural step because of an intensely tortuous thoracic aorta. This hostile aortic anatomy also inhibited exchange for a super stiff guide-wire and selective cannulation with the diagnostic catheter was repeatedly lost when guidewire exchange was attempted. To overcome this issue, a 5 x 40 mm balloon catheter was placed 3cm into the target arteries. The balloon was then inflated below the nominal pressure limit enabling safe exchange for a super stiff guidewire and placement of three 90-cm long 7Fr guiding sheaths. The procedure was thus safely performed with deployment of an aortic extension and the bridging stents.


Resumo Um paciente de 100 anos foi diagnosticado com um aneurisma de aorta abdominal roto por um endoleak 1A. Pela proximidade do ponto de ruptura com a artéria mesentérica superior (AMS) e as artérias renais, um ChEVAR foi indicado. A cateterização das artérias-alvo foi um passo desafiador pela intensa tortuosidade da aorta torácica. Essa anatomia aórtica hostil também impediu a troca por um fio-guia extra-rígido, e a cateterização seletiva foi repetidamente perdida quando a troca de fio-guia foi tentada. Para superar essa dificuldade, um cateter balão 5mm x 40mm foi posicionado nas artérias-alvo. O balão foi, então, insuflado abaixo da pressão nominal, permitindo uma troca segura do fio-guia por um fio-guia extra-rígido e o posicionamento de três bainhas longas 7Frx 90cm. Assim, o procedimento foi executado de forma segura, com o implante de uma extensão aórtica e dos stents recobertos.

5.
J. vasc. bras ; 22: e20230101, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521173

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aims to describe a case series of patients who underwent thoracic duct embolization (TDE) to treat traumatic iatrogenic chylothorax (TIC). Three patients were included: Case #1, a 49-year-old woman with follicular lymphoma developed a TIC following video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery to resect a solid right paravertebral mass and was treated with TDE using microcoils and N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue. Case #2, a 68-year-old man with cardiac amyloidosis developed a TIC following heart transplantation and was treated with TDE using microcoils and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer. Case#3: A 6-year-old patient with congenital heart disease developed a TIC following a Fontan procedure and was treated with TDE using NBCA glue. All lesions were identified during lymphangiography and TDE was successfully performed in all cases. TDE is a safe and valuable technique that provides minimally invasive treatment for TCI.


Resumo Este estudo objetiva descrever uma série de casos de pacientes submetidos a embolização do ducto torácico (EDT) para tratamento de quilotórax iatrogênico (QI). Três pacientes foram incluídos. Caso 1: um homem de 49 anos com linfoma folicular apresentou QI após ressecção de uma massa paravertebral por toracoscopia vídeo-assistida e foi submetido a EDT com micromolas e n-butil-cianoacrilato (NBCA). Caso 2: um homem de 68 anos com amiloidose cardíaca apresentou QI após ser submetido a transplante cardíaco e foi submetido a EDT com micromolas e copolímero de etileno e álcool vinílico. Caso 3: um paciente de 6 anos com malformação cardíaca congênita apresentou QI após cirurgia de Fontan e foi submetido a EDT com NBCA. Todas as lesões foram identificadas durante a linfangiografia, e a EDT foi realizada com sucesso. A EDT é uma técnica segura e valiosa, que pode oferecer um tratamento minimamente invasivo em casos de QI.

6.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 20: eAO6665, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375331

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To describe an experience in the preoperative localization of small pulmonary nodules and ground-glass lesions to guide minimally invasive thoracic surgery; in addition, a literature review was conducted, including the main advantages and disadvantages of the different agents used, and site marking in a hybrid operating room. Methods A retrospective search was conducted in a Interventional Radiology Department database, between March 2015 and May 2019, to identify patients undergoing preoperative percutaneous marking of lung injuries measuring up to 25mm. Results A total of 20 patients were included and submitted to descriptive analysis. All patients were marked in a hybrid room, at the same surgical-anesthetic time. Most often used markers were guidewire, Lipiodol® and microcoils. Despite one case of coil displacement, two cases of pneumothorax, and one case of hypotension after marking, all lesions were identified and resected accordingly from all patients. Conclusion Preoperative percutaneous localization of lung injuries in hybrid room is an effective and a safe technique, which can have decisive impact on surgical resection. The choice of marker and of the operating room scenario should be based on availability and experience of service. Multidisciplinary discussions with surgical teams, pathologists, and interventional radiologists are crucial to improve outcome of patients.

7.
J. vasc. bras ; 20: e20200174, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287083

ABSTRACT

Abstract Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAA) evolving aortocaval fistula (AF) can have catastrophic hemodynamic effects. Surgical repair is imperative, but the optimal technical approach is still under debate. Our objective is to present 3 cases treated with endovascular repair (EVAR) at a University Hospital. Case #1, a 71-year-old man presenting a 7.1cm RAAA with AF, repaired with a monoiliac stent graft and femoral-femoral bypass; Case #2, a 76-year-old man presenting a 9.9cm RAAA with AF, repaired with a bifurcated stent graft; Case #3, a 67-year-old man with previous history of EVAR, presenting a type 3 endoleak with late rupture related to AF, repaired with a tubular stent graft. All cases unfolded with delayed recovery and significant complication rates, although AF symptoms had resolved by hospital discharge. EVAR techniques for AF may require secondary interventions but are feasible, despite the lack of consensus, considering the rarity of this RAAA presentation.


Resumo Aneurismas de aorta abdominal rotos (AAAR) com evolução para fístula aorto-cava (FAC) podem apresentar consequências hemodinâmicas catastróficas. A correção cirúrgica é mandatória, embora não haja consenso sobre a técnica operatória. Apresentamos uma série de três casos operados em hospital universitário pela técnica endovascular. No primeiro caso, um homem de 71 anos apresentou AAAR de 7,1 cm com FAC, submetido a correção por endoprótese monoilíaca e enxerto femoral cruzado. No segundo, um homem de 76 anos apresentou AAAR de 9,9 cm com FAC submetido a colocação de endoprótese bifurcada. O terceiro caso era de um homem de 67 anos com histórico de EVAR e endoleak tipo 3, com ruptura tardia para veia cava, tratado com extensão aórtica. Todos apresentaram evolução pós-operatória prolongada com significativas complicações, entretanto com boa resolução dos sintomas à alta hospitalar. A EVAR é uma técnica promissora para o tratamento de FAC, embora com taxa de reintervenção significativa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Aortic Rupture , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Endovascular Procedures , Postoperative Period , Prostheses and Implants , Venae Cavae , Arteriovenous Fistula , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/complications
8.
J. vasc. bras ; 20: e20200191, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1279371

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background The contrast power injector (CPI) is the gold standard method for injecting contrast with the pressure and flow needed to generate a satisfactory images during endovascular procedures, but it is an expensive tool, narrowing its wide-scale applications. One alternative is the manual injection (MI) method, but this does not generate the pressure required for adequate visualization of anatomy. It is therefore imperative to create an alternative low-cost method that is capable of producing high quality images. Objectives To compare the injection parameters of a new mechanical device (Hand-Crank) created in a university hospital with the MI method and with the contrast power injector's ideal values. Methods A circulation phantom was constructed to simulate the pressure in the aorto-iliac territory and the injection parameters of the two methods were compared in a laboratory setting. Student's t test and the Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis. Three vascular surgery residents (the authors) performed the injections (each performed 9 tests using conventional manual injection and 9 tests using the Hand-Crank, totaling 54 injections). Results There were statistical differences between the two methods (p<0.05) in total volume injected until maximum pressure was attained, pressure variation, maximum pressure, total injection time, and time to reach the maximum pressure. Conclusions The Hand-Crank can achieve higher maximum pressure, higher average flow, and lower injection time than the manual method. It is a simple, low-cost, and effective tool for enhancing injection parameters in an experimental setup. It could help to produce higher quality images in a clinical scenario.


Resumo Contexto A bomba injetora é o método padrão-ouro para a injeção de contraste em aortografias. Entretanto, é uma ferramenta de alto custo, o que limita o seu uso. A injeção manual surge como alternativa, mas a pressão gerada com esse método é baixa, e, por isso, a qualidade das imagens não é usualmente satisfatória. Assim, a criação de um método de baixo custo capaz de gerar imagens de qualidade é imperativo. Objetivos Comparar os parâmetros de injeção de um novo dispositivo mecânico (manivela articulada) criado em um hospital universitário com os parâmetros da injeção manual e com os valores ideais da bomba injetora. Métodos Um simulador do território aórtico foi construído, e parâmetros de injeção entre os diferentes métodos em um cenário laboratorial controlado foram analisados. O teste t de Student e o teste de Mann-Whitney foram usados para análise estatística. Três residentes de Cirurgia Vascular realizaram os testes (nove usando o novo dispositivo, e nove usando a injeção manual, totalizando 54 injeções). Resultados Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,05) entre os dois métodos, considerando os parâmetros: variação de pressão, pressão máxima, tempo de injeção, tempo até a pressão máxima e volume até a pressão máxima. Conclusões A manivela articulada atingiu níveis superiores de pressão e de velocidade de injeção, com menor tempo de injeção do que a injeção manual. É um dispositivo simples, de baixo custo e com resultados comparáveis à bomba injetora, o que sugere seu uso potencial na geração de imagens satisfatórias em aortografias.


Subject(s)
Infusion Pumps , Radiology, Interventional/instrumentation , Contrast Media/administration & dosage , Vascular Surgical Procedures , Angiography/instrumentation , Low Cost Technology , Costs and Cost Analysis , Endovascular Procedures , Injections/instrumentation
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